A distributed social network is an Internet social network service that is decentralized and distributed across different providers. The emphasis of the distribution is on portabilitya[›], interoperability and federation capability. It contrasts with social network aggregation services, which are used to manage accounts and activities across multiple discrete social networks.
Open standards such as OAuth authorization, OpenID authentication, OStatus federation, XRD metadata discovery, the Portable Contacts protocol, the Wave Federation Protocol, OpenSocial widget APIs, microformats like XFN and hCard, and Atom web feeds—increasingly referred to together as the Open Stack—are often cited as enabling technologies for distributed social networking.[1]
A few social networking service providers have used the term more broadly to describe provider-specific services that are distributable across different websites, typically through added widgets or plug-ins. Through the add-ons, the social network functionality is implemented on users' websites.
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The protocols of these projects are generally open and free. The software of the projects is generally free and open source.
Project Name | Features | Software | Programming Language | License | Protocols | Privacy Support | Federation (with other applications or services) | Instances | Version/Maturity |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
6d[2] | Blog, media library, addressbook, themeable, private messaging | server[3] | PHP | MIT | HTTP + REST, microformats[4] | Addressbook to send posts to either individuals or groups. | not yet | demo[5] 5 total |
alpha |
Ampify | Trust-based search, | Public Domain | HTTPS, Ampify Messaging Protocol | Provides fine grained privacy control through object capability security and transport layer encryption. | Application framework, web-hook style sensor network | development | |||
Appleseed[6] | Photos, Journals, Messaging, Groups, Privacy controls, Status Updates, Newsfeeds | server[7] | PHP | GPLv2 | QuickSocial[8] | Friend circles used to categorize friends and restrict/allow access | Internally, others easily added (plugin architecture) | Appleseed[9] Approximately 120 total | beta, in use |
buddycloud[10][11] | Location, messaging, photo/video sharing | server,[12] client[13] | JavaScript, Java | Apache 2.0 | XMPP, OStatus, Channel Protocol,[14] Atom, Activity Streams, Location Query[15] | Yes | in development | ||
Cunity[16][16] | Friends, Photo Album, Filesharing, Messaging, Pinboard, Newsfeed, Memberlist, Forum, Connecting Cunities | server,[16] client[17] | PHP, Javascript, AJAX, JQuery | AGPL 3.0 | HTTP, P2P | Yes | Connecting P2P | Hosted on your own webspace | V1.0beta |
Diaspora | Microblogging, photo sharing, 'aspects' - friend management | server[18] | Ruby | AGPL 3.0 | changing,[19] Salmon[20] | Yes, through "aspects" | Yes, application framework in alpha | Diaspora Alpha[21] 56 'pods' listed on Diaspora Wiki |
alpha |
Diaspora X2[22] | client[23] using buddycloud for federation | XMPP, buddycloud channels,[24] Activity Streams[22] | ? | ? | Diaspora X2[25] | ||||
DiSo Project[26] | WordPress plugins[27] | microformats (XFN, hCard, XOXO), OpenID, OAuth, XMPP[26] | ? | ? | |||||
DSNP[28] | DSNPd (server daemon), ChoiceSocial (web interface)[28] | Distributed Social Networking Protocol (DSNP)[28][29] | ? | ? | Friends in Feed, ChoiceSocial.net, DistribSocial.net | ||||
Duuit! | Search, microblogging, email, photos, videos, blogs, webpages, XMPP chat, video chat, collaborative drawing, document creation and editing, feed reader, profiles, files, games, groups, mood, privacy controls, customizable interface | GPLv2 | FOAF, XMPP, OpenSocial, OAuth push/pull, OStatus (next release), scrobbling, RSS/Atom, opendd, PubSubHubbub, email, IRC | Excellent, acl, granular, profile, avatar, content | XMPP, OStatus in testing- due in next release | beta, in use | |||
Freenet | Censorship resistant publishing, anonymity, pseudonymity, WebOfTrust, Forum, Blog, updating bookmarks, anonymous DVCS, third party plugins | p2p | Java | GPL[30] | UDP, global darknet DHT on restricted routes (FOAF) or Opennet (anonymizing DHT). | Yes | No | hosted on every users computer | stable, but pre 1.0 |
Friend2Friend[31] | Strong encryption, XML for all data exchange, Data is digitally signed | LGPL | Connect to known individuals. | ? | alpha | ||||
Friendica[32][33] | Rich profiles, networking groups, community/group/celebrity pages, richtext status (not specifically length limited), photo albums, YouTube share, location, like/dislike, multiple profiles w/assignment to specific friends, single sign on to post directly to friend's profiles on co-operating systems. Communications encryption. Fans and one-way relationships. Local and global directory services. Ability to restrict connection endpoints. | server[34] | PHP | MIT | OStatus components,[35] Diaspora, Facebook, OpenID, DFRN,[36] Zot[37] | extensive | Friendica, identi.ca/Status.Net, GNU-social, Facebook, Twitter, Diaspora, email, blogs/feeds/Google (via RSS/ATOM), more in development | 9 servers accept registration [38] | stable/production |
GNU Social[39] | Server[40] (based on SatusNet) | AGPLv3 | OStatus[41] | ? | Yes | daisycha.in | |||
Jappix[42] | XMPP client + Microblogging | server, web client | AGPL | XMPP | Excellent: based on presence authorizations | ? | demo[43] | production | |
Knowee | OpenID Signup, Activity Stream import and export, contact import from Web 2.0 services via XFN and FOAF, automatically updated address book from remote data sources, consolidated profile with RDF/FOAF export, personal SPARQL API | W3C | OpenID, FOAF | ? | ? | alpha | |||
Kopal[44] | OpenID Core, multiple profiles | Server[45] | MIT | OpenID, Kopal Connect protocol,[46] Kopal Feed microformat[47] | ? | ? | alpha | ||
Kune[48] | real-time collaborative edition, XMPP chat, groups, lists, tasks, blogs, Apache Wave inbox (modern email), wave extensions (gadgets, robots), public webpages, profiles, galleries (photos, videos), maps, federation | server, integrates Apache Wave | Java-based GWT (generates AJAX) | AGPLv3 | XMPP, Wave Federation Protocol | Excellent | Total federation/interoperability with other Kune installations and Apache Wave accounts. XMPP chat interoperable with other XMPP-compliant | demo,[49] 3 in total | beta |
Lipsync.it[50] | Synchronization tool inspired by Dropbox | Simplified BSD | rsync, lsyncd, OpenSSH | Yes | planned | development | |||
Lorea[51] | Profiles, microblogging, streams, groups, plugins, group mailing lists, tasks, calendar, subgroups, tagclouds | Elgg,[52] plugins[53] | GPL | OpenID, Activity Streams, PubSubHubbub, WebID. Working on: OStatus[52] (60% production), XMPP/psyc (50% development), rdf+sparql (10% development) | Excellent | ? | 5: project's group[54] | production | |
Movim | XMPP client + Microblogging | server and webclient | PHP | AGPLv3 | XMPP | not yet | not yet | development | |
Mr. Privacy | SMTP, IMAP | Yes | Yes | ||||||
Newebe[55] | one user = one node ; microblogging, picture sharing, activity stream | Server / web client | Python / Coffeescript | AGPL | HTTP, REST API | development | |||
NoseRub[56] | sample server[57] | NoseRub protocol / WebID[58] | ? | ? | demo[59] | ||||
ObjectCloud | customization, flexible hosting, security, application platform | SimPL 2.0 | OpenID, Particle | Yes | ? | 2 | Alpha, active development | ||
OneSocialWeb[60] | Microblogging | Openfire plugin, clients[61] | Java | Apache 2 | XMPP, XMPP extensions[62] | Yes | Yes | Active developer community, features being added... | |
OpenLink Data Spaces (ODS)[63] | Profile Management, Blogs, Wikis, Address Books, Calendars, Feed Aggregation, Discussion Forums (includes NNTP support), File Servers (WebDAV based Briefcase). | Dual (Comercial and GPL for Open Source Edition) | WebID, Webfinger, OpenID, OAuth, HTTP, SPARQL, Atom Publishing, PubSubHubbub, Semantic Pingback, OpenSocial, Social Graph API, Portable Contacts, more. | WebID and others | Yes | id.myopenlink.net[64] among others | Active use | ||
OpenMicroBlogger | User-toggleable "apps" to add/remove functionality. RSSCloud and partial OStatus (PubSubHubbub) federation as well as Open Microblogging 0.1. Local follow/unfollow. Facebook, Twitter, Flickr integration. (partial) Twitter API support. Fully Restful design, user interface consumes Rest API. | MIT | Open Microblogging 0.1, RSSCloud, (partial) OStatus (PubSubHubbub) | Yes | Yes | alpha | |||
ownCloud | Cloudstorage and plugins for Photos, Media, RSS and more | AGPLv3 | WebDAV, Open Collaboration Services | Yes | ? | ver. 1.0 | |||
Project Danube | 1) Sharing personal data with companies/organizations 2) Sharing personal data with "friends" 3) Use of personal data for "personal applications" |
TBD, likely Eclipse or Apache | OStatus, OAuth 2.0, Webfinger, hCard, Portable Contacts, XRI, XDI, PubSubHubbub, Salmon | ? | StatusNet and Cliqset, among others | development | |||
Project Nori | OStatus, OAuth, Portable Contacts, Webfinger, and other open protocols | ? | Yes | early alpha | |||||
psyced | profiles, chat, microblogging | GPLv2 MIT |
PSYC, XMPP, IRC, TELNET, HTTP, Applet, SMTP, WAP, RSS | ? | ? | ||||
Retroshare[65] | Private messaging | server[66] | C++ | [GNU] | GPG, OpenSSL | Production | |||
RSSN | private messaging, groups | RSSN | ? | ? | concept | ||||
Safebook[67] | GPL | Extensive, including communication untraceability | ? | demo[68] | beta[69] | ||||
Salut à Toi[70][71] | multi-frontends, microblogging, group microblogging, file sharing, games, XMPP client | XMPP client (multi-frontends), web server, SMTP/IMAP server | Python, C++ | GPL AGPL(web frontend) |
XMPP | through XMPP groups, presence authorisation | XMPP native federation | demo (outdated)[72] | alpha |
SMOB | microblogging | FOAF | ? | ? | production | ||||
Social-Igniter[73] | friends, places, status, comments, modular apps (messages, blog, cart, media), themes, mobile themes, 3rd party integration (Facebook, Twiter, YouTube), editable widgets, | server | GPL | Webfinger, PubSubHubbub, OpenID, OAuth, Activity Streams | Yes | Yes | 3 | Alpha | |
SocialRiver[74] | GPL AGPL |
OStatus,[75] OpenID, will add support for OAuth | Private Messaging, Privacy Controls | Yes | |||||
SocialZE[76] | server, web client | OSMP (Open Social Message Protocol) | Yes | ? | Alpha | ||||
Socknet Provider- FoolishMortal.org | profiles, messaging, enables internet content sharing | Socknet, OpenID | No | Yes | Beta | ||||
Sparkleshare[77] | Collaboration and sharing tool inspired by Dropbox | Python | GNU GPLv3 | SSH | Yes, encryption option | planned | development | ||
StatusNet | microblogging | Server, Clients[78] | PHP | AGPLv3 | OStatus, OpenID, FOAF, OpenMicroBlogging (deprecated) | Available for sites, planned for accounts and posts | Yes | more than 100, including Identi.ca and Status.net | Production (1.0.1) |
Thimbl[79] | microblogging | Finger, SSH | ? | Planned for future | development | ||||
Weestit | XMPP, HTTP, OStatus, SMTP, POP | Yes | Planned | alpha planned Nov.20 2010 |
^ a: See DataPortability article.